Heavy metal accumulation patterns and phytoremediation potential of three indigenous Fabaceae species in Zimbabwe
Pimpernel Garanganga 1 , Evelyn Mariwowo 1 , Fidelis Chigondo 1 * , Upenyu Guyo 1 2
More Detail
1 Department of Chemical Sciences, Midlands State University, Senga, Gweru, ZIMBABWE2 Department of Chemical and Processing Engineering, Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences, Fern Valley, Mutare, ZIMBABWE* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination poses significant ecological and public health challenges owing to their persistence and toxicity in soil. This study evaluated the partitioning patterns of three indigenous Zimbabwean Fabaceae species namely; Indigofera setiflora, Pterocarpus angolensis and Pericopsis angolensis under natural conditions by determining essential and toxic metals (Al, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and Cr) in leaves, bark and roots using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Indigofera setiflora showed the highest aluminium content in the bark (0.88 ± 0.16 ppm) as well as calcium in leaves (38.32 ± 5.13 ppm) and roots (23.45 ± 2.14 ppm). Iron and zinc levels were higher in Indigofera setiflora bark (Fe: 16.95 ± 2.58 ppm) and roots (Fe: 14.90 ± 1.07 ppm; Zn: 16.03 ± 2.61 ppm). Pterocarpus angolensis exhibited a moderate aluminium concentration (0.58 ± 0.14 ppm), elevated leaf magnesium levels (47.88 ± 5.04 ppm), leaf zinc levels (19.67 ± 3.32 ppm), and bark zinc levels (21.08 ± 3.25 ppm) compared to other species. Pericopsis angolensis accumulated the highest amount of aluminium in the roots (0.42 ± 0.07 ppm). Copper and manganese were present in trace amounts across all species (Cu: < 6 ppm; Mn: < 3 ppm). Toxic metals (Pb, Cd, and Cr) were below the detection limits in all species, indicating a low ecological risk.

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES, Volume 10, Issue 4, 2026, Article No: em0438

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/19262

Publication date: 01 Oct 2026

Online publication date: 16 Sep 2026

Article Views: 4

Article Downloads: 3

Open Access References How to cite this article