Evaluating household pharmaceutical waste systems in Albania and the European Union: A comparative study
Mihallaq Qirjo 1 * , Nertila Mucollari 2
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1 University of Tirana, ALBANIA2 Agricultural University of Tirana, ALBANIA* Corresponding Author

Abstract

The amount of waste pharmaceuticals generated in households has increased steadily, due to societal and production changes. Therefore, managing household pharmaceutical waste (HPW) is an important challenge for our society. The study presents a comparative assessment of HPW management in Albania and practices in European countries, followed by recommendations on building a functional management system for HPW in Albania. Public and pharmacist perception on this issue is a key element in achieving sustainable waste management goals. The amount of waste pharmaceuticals stored remains low, with 86% respondents storing several tablets, primarily antipyretics (53). Regarding pharmacists, 86% responded that they don’t accept expired/unused products from patients, even though the demand from the latter is almost absent; 88% of the pharmacists refuse to cover the cost of waste generated by family members. The Albanian legislative and regulatory framework remains fragmented and incomplete, creating uncertainty regarding the responsibilities, competencies, and administrative regulatory roles of various actors.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES, Volume 10, Issue 3, 2026, Article No: em0393

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/18314

Publication date: 01 Jul 2026

Online publication date: 05 Apr 2026

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Article Downloads: 6

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