A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments

Seama Koohi-Fayegh; Marc A Rosen

doi:10.29333/ejosdr/8432

Full Text (PDF)

Seama Koohi-Fayegh ¹ ^* , Marc A Rosen ¹

More Detail

¹ Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G 0C5, CANADA^* Corresponding Author

Abstract

A critical overview of renewable energy is provided, including descriptions of renewable energy sources, technologies, assessments, comparisons and planning as well as energy technologies that facilitate renewable energy sources. The renewable energy types considered include solar, wind, geothermal, bioenergy and waste-derived energy, ocean thermal energy, tidal, wave and hydraulic. Also covered for contextual and broader purposes are energy systems more generally and their sustainability. In addition, recent research on new renewable energy sources as well as important recent developments in renewable energy are considered.

Keywords

renewable energy
status review

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Literature Review

EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES, 2020, Volume 4, Issue 4, Article No: em0138

https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

Publication date: 30 Jul 2020

Article Views: 3210

Article Downloads: 1902

Open Access References How to cite this article

References

Abbasi, T. and Abbasi, S. A. (2010). Biomass energy and the environmental impacts associated with its production and utilization. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 14(3), 919-937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.006
Abbasi, T. and Abbasi, S. A. (2012). Is the use of renewable energy sources an answer to the problems of global warming and pollution?. Crit Rev Env Sci Technol, 42(2), 99-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.498754
Ahmadi, P., Dincer, I. and Rosen, M. A. (2013). Energy and exergy analyses of hydrogen production via solar-boosted ocean thermal energy conversion and PEM electrolysis. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 38(4), 1795-1805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.11.025
Akella, A. K., Saini, R. P. and Sharma M. P. (2009). Social, economical and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems. Renew Energ, 34(2), 390-396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.05.002
Al Seadi, T. (2002). Quality management of AD residues from biogas production. IEA Bioenergy, Task 24–Energy from Biological Conversion of Organic Waste, Jan 2002. Available at: www.IEA-Biogas.net
Alva, G., Liu, L., Huang, X. and Fang, G. (2017). Thermal energy storage materials and systems for solar energy applications. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 68(1), 693-706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.021
Alvarez, R. and Liden, G. (2008). Semi-continuous co-digestion of solid slaughterhouse waste, manure, and fruit and vegetable waste. Renew Energ, 33, 726-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2007.05.001
Alvarez-Silva, O. A., Osorio, A. F. and Winter, C. (2016). Practical global salinity gradient energy potential. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 60, 1387-1395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.03.021
Amoo, L. M. and Fagbenle, R. L. (2014). Hydrogen energy’s key contributions to the sustainable energy mix of a low-carbon future in Nigeria. Int J Sust Energ, 33(4), 742-765. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2013.765427
Andersen, A. N. and Østergaard, P. A. (2019). Analytic versus solver-based calculated daily operations of district energy plants. Energy, 175, 333-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.03.096
Andersson, J. and Grönkvist, S. (2019). Large-scale storage of hydrogen. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 44(23), 11901-11919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.063
Angelis-Dimakis, A., Biberacher, M., Dominguez, J., Fiorese, G., Gadocha, S., Gnansounou, E., Guariso, G., Kartalidis, A., Panichelli, L., Pinedo, I. and Robba, M. (2011). Methods and tools to evaluate the availability of renewable energy sources. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15(2), 1182-1200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.09.049
Arevalo-Gallegos, A., Ahmad, Z., Asgher, M., Parra-Saldivar, R. and Iqbal, H. M. N. (2017). Lignocellulose: A sustainable material to produce value-added products with a zero waste approach—A review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 99, 308-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.097
Armaroli, N. and Balzani, V. (2007). The future of energy supply: challenges and opportunities. Angew. Chem Int, 46, 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200602373
Armaroli, N. and Balzani, V. (2016). Solar electricity and solar fuels: status and perspectives in the context of the energy transition. Chemistry – A European Journal, 22, 32-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201503580
Asdrubali, F., Baldinelli, G., D’Alessandro, F. and Scrucca, F. (2015). Life cycle assessment of electricity production from renewable energies: Review and results harmonization. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 42, 1113-1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.082
Aydin, M. (2019). Renewable and non-renewable electricity consumption–economic growth nexus: Evidence from OECD countries. Renew Energ, 136, 599-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.01.008
Ayres, R. U., Turton, H. and Casten, T. (2007). Energy efficiency, sustainability and economic growth. Energy, 32(5), 634-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.06.005
Azhar, M. S., Rizvi, G. and Dincer, I. (2017). Integration of renewable energy based multigeneration system with desalination. Desalination, 404, 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2016.09.034
Bahaj, A. S. (2011). Generating electricity from the oceans. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15, 3399-3416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.04.032
Bailey, I., West, J. and Whitehead, I. (2011). Out of sight but not out of mind? Public perceptions of wave energy. J Environ Policy Plan, 13(2), 139-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2011.573632
Bajpai, P. and Dash, V. (2012). Hybrid renewable energy systems for power generation in stand-alone applications: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 16, 2926-2939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.009
Balat, M. and Balat, H. (2009). Biogas as a renewable energy source—a review. Energ Source, Part A, 31, 1280-1293. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567030802089565
Baños, R., Manzano-Agugliaro, F., Montoya, F. G., Gila, C., Alcayde, A. and Gómez, J. (2011). Optimization methods applied to renewable and sustainable energy: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15(4), 1753-1766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.12.008
Bartolozzi, I., Rizzi, F. and Frey, M. (2017). Are district heating systems and renewable energy sources always an environmental win-win solution? A life cycle assessment case study in Tuscany, Italy. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 80, 408-420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.231
Bayon, A., Bader, R., Jafarian, M., Fedunik-Hofman, L., Sun, Y., Hinkley, J., Miller, S. and Lipiński, W. (2018). Techno-economic assessment of solid–gas thermochemical energy storage systems for solar thermal power applications. Energy, 149, 473-484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.11.084
Bayulgen, O. and Benegal, S. (2019). Green Priorities: How economic frames affect perceptions of renewable energy in the United States. Energ Res Soc Sci, 47, 28-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.08.017
Beran, L. and Dyckhoff, H. (2019). Global Biomass Supply and Sustainable Development. In: M. Behnassi, H. Gupta and O. Pollmann (eds), Human and Environmental Security in the Era of Global Risks (pp. 291-316). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92828-9_15
Bouraiou, A., Necaibia, A., Boutasseta, N., Mekhilef, S., Dabou, R., Ziane, A., et al. (2020). Status of renewable energy potential and utilization in Algeria. J Cleaner Production, 246, 119011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119011
Breton, S. P. and Moe, G. (2009). Status, Plans and technologies for offshore wind turbines in Europe and North America. Renew Energ, 34, 646-654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2008.05.040
Brouwer, J. (2010). On the role of fuel cells and hydrogen in a more sustainable and renewable energy future. Curr Appl Phys, 10(2), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2009.11.002
Campos-Guzmán, V., García-Cáscales, M. S., Espinosa, N. and Urbina, A. (2019). Life Cycle Analysis with Multi-Criteria Decision Making: A review of approaches for the sustainability evaluation of renewable energy technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 104, 343-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.031
Carlino, S., Somma, R., Troise, C. and De Natale, G. (2012). The geothermal exploration of Campanian volcanoes: historical review and future development. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 16(1), 1004-1030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.023
Carrasco, J. M., Franquelo, L. G., Bialasiewicz, J. T., Galván, E., Guisado, R. C. P., Prats, M. A. M., Leon, J. I. and Moreno-Alfonso, N. (2006). Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: a survey. IEEE T Ind Electron, 53(4), 1002-1016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2006.878356
Cavallo, A. (2007). Controllable and affordable utility-scale electricity from intermittent wind resources and compressed air energy storage (CAES). Energy, 32, 120-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.03.018
Chamandoust, H., Derakhshan, G., Hakimi, S. M. and Bahramara, S. (2020). Tri-objective scheduling of residential smart electrical distribution grids with optimal joint of responsive loads with renewable energy sources. J Energ Storage, 27, 101112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.101112
Chingulpitak, S. and Wongwises, S. (2014). Critical review of the current status of wind energy in Thailand. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 31(3), 312-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.038
Chu, S. and Majumdar, A. (2012). Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future. Nature, 488, 294-303. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11475
Clauser, C. and Ewert, M. (2018). The renewables cost challenge: Levelized cost of geothermal electric energy compared to other sources of primary energy – Review and case study. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 82(3), 3683-3693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.095
Collet, P., Hélias, A., Lardon, L., Ras, M., Goy, R. A. and Steyer, J. P. (2011). Life-cycle assessment of microalgae culture coupled to biogas production. Bioresource Technol, 102, 207-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.154
Connolly, D., Lund, H. and Mathiesen, B. V. (2016). Smart Energy Europe: The technical and economic impact of one potential 100% renewable energy scenario for the European Union. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 60, 1634-1653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.02.025
Connolly, D., Lund, H., Mathiesen, B. V. and Leahy, M. (2010). A review of computer tools for analysing the integration of renewable energy into various energy systems. Appl Energ, 87(4), 1059-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.09.026
Cuomo, M. A., Kool, E. D., Reddy, B. V. and Rosen, M. A. (2018). Energy modelling and analysis of a multi-generation renewable energy system for dairy farm applications. Biofuels. Published online: 28 May 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2018.1469342
Darwish, M., Mohtar, R., Elgendy, Y. and Chmeissani, M. (2012). Desalting seawater in Qatar by renewable energy: a feasibility study. Desalin Water Treat, 47(1-3), 279-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2012.696409
de Fraiture, C., Giordano, M. and Liao, Y. (2008). Biofuels and implications for agricultural water use: blue impacts of green energy. Water Policy, 10(1), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2008.054
de O. Falcão, A. F. (2010). Wave energy utilization: A review of the technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 14(3), 899-918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.003
Debia, S., Pineau, P. O. and Siddiqui, A. S. (2019). Strategic use of storage: The impact of carbon policy, resource availability, and technology efficiency on a renewable-thermal power system. Energy Economics, 80, 100-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.12.006
Deshmukh, M. K. and Deshmukh, S. S. (2008). Modeling of hybrid renewable energy systems. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 12(1), 235-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2006.07.011
Desholm, M. and Kahlert, J. (2005). Avian collision risk at an offshore wind farm. Biol. Lett., 1(3), 296-298. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0336
Devine-Wright, P. (2005). Beyond NIMBYism: towards an integrated framework for understanding public perceptions of wind energy. Wind Energ, 8(2), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.124
Dhyani, V. and Bhaskar, T. (2018). A comprehensive review on the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Renew Energ, 129(B), 695-716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.04.035
Díaz-González, F., Sumper, A., Gomis-Bellmunt, O. and Villafáfila-Robles, R. (2012). A review of energy storage technologies for wind power applications. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 16, 2154-2171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.029
Edwards, P. P., Kuznetsov, V. L., David, W. I. F. and Brandon, N. P. (2008). Hydrogen and fuel cells: towards a sustainable energy future. Energ Policy; 36, 4356-4362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.036
Eriksson, E. L. V. and Gray, E. M. A. (2017). Optimization and integration of hybrid renewable energy hydrogen fuel cell energy systems – A critical review. Appl Energ, 202, 348-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.132
Evans, A., Strezov, V. and Evans, T. J. (2019). Assessment of sustainability indicators for renewable energy technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 13(5), 1082-1088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2008.03.008
Fedak, W., Anweiler, S., Ulbrich, R. and Jarosz, B. (2017). The concept of autonomous power supply system fed with renewable energy sources. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, 5(4), 579-589. https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.d5.0160
Fox, A. D., Desholm, M., Kahlert, J., Christensen, T. K. and Petersen, I. B. K. (2006). Information needs to support environmental impact assessment of the effects of European marine offshore wind farms on birds. Ibis, 148, 129-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.2006.00510.x
Franchini, G., Brumana, G. and Perdichizzi, A. (2018). Performance prediction of a solar district cooling system in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – A case study. Energy Conversion and Management, 166, 372-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.04.048
Gallup, D. L. (2009). Production engineering in geothermal technology: a review. Geothermics, 38(3), 326-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2009.03.001
Gollakota, A. R. K., Kishore, N. and Gu, S. (2018). A review on hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 81(1), 1378-1392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.178
Hallenbeck, P. C. (2011). Microbial paths to renewable hydrogen production. Biofuels, 2(3), 285-302. https://doi.org/10.4155/bfs.11.6
Hansen, K., Mathiesen, B. V. and Skov, I. R. (2019). Full energy system transition towards 100% renewable energy in Germany in 2050. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 102, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.11.038
Hanson, H. P., Bozec, A. and Duerr, A. E. S. (2011). The Florida Current: A clean but challenging energy resource. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, 92, 29-30. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011EO040001
Heldeweg, M. A. and Saintier, S. (2020). Renewable energy communities as ‘socio-legal institutions’: A normative frame for energy decentralization? Renew Sust Energ Rev, 119, 109518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109518
Hemmati, R. (2017). Technical and economic analysis of home energy management system incorporating small-scale wind turbine and battery energy storage system. Journal of Cleaner Production, 159, 106-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.174
Hepbasli, A. (2008). A key review on exergetic analysis and assessment of renewable energy resources for a sustainable future. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 12, 593-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2006.10.001
Herbert, G. M. J., Iniyan, S., Sreevalsan, E. and Rajapandian, S. (2007). A review of wind energy technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 11, 1117-1145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.08.004
Hertwich, E. G., Gibon, T., Bouman, E. A., Arvesen, A., Suh, S., Heath, G. A., Bergesen, J. D., Ramirez, A., Vega, M. I. and Shi, L. (2015). Integrated life-cycle assessment of electricity-supply scenarios confirms global environmental benefit of low-carbon technologies. PNAS, 112(20), 6277-6282. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312753111
Holm-Nielsen, J. B., Al Seadi, T. and Oleskowicz-Popiel, P. (2009). The future of anaerobic digestion and biogas utilization. Bioresource Technol, 100, 5478-5484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.046
Hosseini, M., Dincer, I. and Rosen, M. A. (2014). Investigation of a hybrid photovoltaic-biomass system with energy storage options. J Sol Energ Eng, 136(3), 034504. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026637
Hosseini, S. E. and Wahid, M. A. (2016). Hydrogen production from renewable and sustainable energy resources: Promising green energy carrier for clean development. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 57, 850-866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.112
Huen, P. and Daoud, W. A. (2017). Advances in hybrid solar photovoltaic and thermoelectric generators. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 72, 1295-1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.10.042
Hussain, A., Arif, S. M. and Aslam, M. (2017). Emerging renewable and sustainable energy technologies: State of the art. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 71, 12-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.12.033
Inayat, A. and Raza, M. (2019). District cooling system via renewable energy sources: A review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 107, 360-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.023
Infield, D. and Freris, L. (2020). Renewable Energy in Power Systems. John Wiley & Sons.
Inger, R., Attrill, M. J., Bearhop, S., Broderick, A. C., Grecian, W. J., Hodgson, D. J., et al. (2009). Marine renewable energy: potential benefits to biodiversity? An urgent call for research. J Appl Ecol, 46, 1145-1153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01697.x
International Energy Agency. Energy technology perspectives (2010). 2010: Scenarios and strategies to 2050. Report, IEA, Paris.
International Renewable Energy Agency, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion, Technical brief; 2014.
Jacobson, M. Z. (2009). Review of solutions to global warming, air pollution, and energy security. Energy Environ Sci, 2, 148-173. https://doi.org/10.1039/B809990C
Jain, C., Vogt, C. and Clauser, C. (2015). Maximum potential for geothermal power in Germany based on engineered geothermal systems. Geotherm Energy, 3, 15-35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-015-0033-5
Jørgensen, C. L., Clausen, L. R., Algren, L., Hansen, A. B., Münster, M., Gadsbøll, R. Ø. And Haglind, F. (2017). Optimization of a flexible multi-generation system based on wood chip gasification and methanol production. Appl Energ, 192, 337-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.092
Jørgensen, C. L., Ensinas, A. V., Münster, M. and Haglind, F. (2016). A methodology for designing flexible multi-generation systems. Energy, 110, 34-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.01.084
Kabalina, N., Costa, M., Yang, W. and Martin, A. (2017). Energy and economic assessment of a polygeneration district heating and cooling system based on gasification of refuse derived fuels. Energy, 137, 696-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.110
Kaldellis, J. K. and Zafirakis, D. (2007). Optimum energy storage techniques for the improvement of renewable energy sources-based electricity generation economic efficiency. Energy, 32, 2295-2305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2007.07.009
Kaundinya, D. P., Balachandra, P. and Ravindranath, N. H. (2009). Grid-connected versus stand-alone energy systems for decentralized power—a review of literature. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 13(8), 2041-2050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.02.002
Kaygusuz, K. (2009). Wind power for a clean and sustainable energy future. Energ Source, Part B, 4(1), 122-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567240701620390
Khare, V., Nema, S. and Baredar, P. (2016). Solar–wind hybrid renewable energy system: A review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 58, 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.223
Koohi-Fayegh, S. and Rosen, M. A. (2020). A review of energy storage types, applications and recent developments. J Energ Storage, 27, 101047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.101047
Koračin, D., Belu, R., Canadillas, B., Horvath, K., Vellore, R., Smith, C., Jiang, J. and Mccord, T. (2012). A review of challenges in assessment and forecasting of wind energy resources. Croatian Meteorological J, 47, 13-33.
Kothari, R., Tyagi, V. V. and Pathak, A. (2010). Waste-to-energy: a way from renewable energy sources to sustainable development. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 14, 3164-3170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.05.005
Kuang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, B., Li, C., Cao, Y., Li, L. and Zeng, L. (2016). A review of renewable energy utilization in islands. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 59, 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.014
Kumar, R. and Rosen, M. A. (2011). A critical review of photovoltaic-thermal solar collectors for air heating. Appl Energ, 88(11), 3603-3614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.044
Lewis, N. S. (2016). Research opportunities to advance solar energy utilization. Science, 351(6271), 1920. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad1920
Lewis, N. S. and Nocera, D. G. (2006). Powering the planet: Chemical challenges in solar energy utilization. PNAS, 103, 15729-15735. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0603395103
Liserre, M., Sauter, T. and Hung, J. Y. (2010). Future energy systems: integrating renewable energy sources into the smart power grid through industrial electronics. IEEE Ind Electron Mag, 4(1), 18-37. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2010.935861
Liu, M., Steven Tay, N. H., Bell, S., Belusko, M., Jacob, R., Will, G., Saman, W. and Bruno, F. (2016). Review on concentrating solar power plants and new developments in high temperature thermal energy storage technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 53, 1411-1432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.026
Lu, S. M. (2018). A global review of enhanced geothermal system (EGS). Renew Sust Energ Rev, 81(2), 2902-2921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.097
Lucia, U., Simonetti, M., Chiesa, G. and Grisolia, G. (2017). Ground-source pump system for heating and cooling: Review and thermodynamic approach. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 70, 867-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.268
Lund, H. (2007). Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development. Energy, 32(6), 912-919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2006.10.017
Lund, H., Moller, B., Mathiesen, B. V. and Dyrelund, A. (2010). The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems. Energy, 35(3), 1381-1390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.11.023
Lund, H., Østergaard, P. A., Chang, M., Werner, S., Svendsen, S., Sorknæs, P., et al. (2018). The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results. Energy, 164, 147-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.206
Lund, J. W. (2010). Direct utilization of geothermal energy. Energies, 3, 1443-1471. https://doi.org/10.3390/en3081443
Mathews, J. A. (2008). Carbon-negative biofuels. Energ Policy, 36(3), 940-945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.11.029
Mathiesen, B. V., Lund, H. and Karlsson, K. (2011). 100% Renewable energy systems, climate mitigation and economic growth. Appl Energ, 88(2), 488-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.03.001
Menanteau, P., Finon, D. and Lamy, M. L. (2003). Prices versus quantities: choosing policies for promoting the development of renewable energy. Energ Policy, 31, 799-812. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(02)00133-7
Messaoudani, Z. L., Rigas, F., Hamid, M. D. B. and Hassan, C. R. C. (2016). Hazards, safety and knowledge gaps on hydrogen transmission via natural gas grid: A critical review. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 41(39), 17511-17525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.171
Milenić, D., Vasiljević, P. and Vranješ, A. (2010). Criteria for use of groundwater as renewable energy source in geothermal heat pump systems for building heating/cooling purposes. Energ Buildings, 42(5), 649-657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.11.002
Muradov, N. Z. and Veziroglu, T. N. (2008). “Green” path from fossil-based to hydrogen economy: An overview of carbon-neutral technologies. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 33(23), 6804-6839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.08.054
Nair, N. K. C. and Garimella, N. (2010). Battery energy storage systems: assessment for small-scale renewable energy integration. Energ Buildings, 42(11), 2124-2130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.07.002
Narayanan, A., Mets, K., Strobbe, M. and Develder, C. (2019). Feasibility of 100% renewable energy-based electricity production for cities with storage and flexibility. Renew Energ, 134, 698-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.11.049
Nathan, G. J., Jafarian, M., Dally, B. B., Saw, W. L., Ashman, P. J., Hu, E. and Steinfeld, A. (2018). Solar thermal hybrids for combustion power plant: A growing opportunity. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 64, 4-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2017.08.002
Nayebossadri, S., Speight, J. D. and Book, D. (2019). Hydrogen separation from blended natural gas and hydrogen by Pd-based membranes. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 44(55), 29092-29099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.03.044
Noorollahi, Y., Saeidi, R., Mohammadi, M., Amiri, A. and Hosseinzadeh, M. (2018). The effects of ground heat exchanger parameters changes on geothermal heat pump performance – A review. Applied Thermal Engineering, 129, 1645-1658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.10.111
Ogden, J., Jaffe, A. M., Scheitrum, D., McDonald, Z. and Miller, M. (2018). Natural gas as a bridge to hydrogen transportation fuel: Insights from the literature. Energy Policy, 115, 317-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.12.049
Olsthoorn, D., Haghighat, F. and Mirzaei, P. A. (2016). Integration of storage and renewable energy into district heating systems: A review of modelling and optimization. Solar Energy, 136, 49-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2016.06.054
Omer, A. M. (2008). Ground-source heat pumps systems and applications. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 12(2), 344-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2006.10.003
Østergaard, P. A., Duic, N., Noorollahi, Y., Mikulcic, H. and Kalogirou, S. (2020). Sustainable development using renewable energy technology. Renew Energ, 146, 2430-2437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.094
Ouedraogo, N. S. (2019). Opportunities, barriers and issues with renewable energy development in Africa: A comprehensible review. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports, 6, 52-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40518-019-00130-7
Owusu, P. A. and Asumadu-Sarkodie, S. (2016). A review of renewable energy sources, sustainability issues and climate change mitigation. Cogent Engineering, 3, 1167990. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2016.1167990
Pant, D., Van Bogaert, G., Diels, L. and Vanbroekhoven, K. (2010). A review of the substrates used in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for sustainable energy production. Bioresource Technol, 101, 1533-1543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.017
Panwar, N. L., Kaushik, S. C. and Kothari, S. (2011). Role of renewable energy sources in environmental protection: A review. Renew Sust Energ Rev; 15(3), 1513-1524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.037
Parida, B., Iniyan, S. and Goic, R. (2011). A review of solar photovoltaic technologies. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15(3), 1625-1636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.032
Paska, J., Biczel, P. and Kłos, M. (2009). Hybrid power systems – an effective way of utilising primary energy sources. Renew Energ, 34(11), 2414-2421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.02.018
Pelay, U., Luo, L., Fan, Y., Stitou, D. and Rood, M. (2017). Thermal energy storage systems for concentrated solar power plants. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 79, 82-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.139
Pelc, R. and Fujita, R. M. (2002). Renewable energy from the ocean. Mar Policy, 26(6), 471-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-597X(02)00045-3
Pepermans, G., Driesen, J., Haeseldonckx, D., Belmans, R. and D’haeseleer, W. (2005). Distributed generation: definition, benefits and issues. Energ Policy, 33, 787-798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2003.10.004
Perry, S., Klemeˇs, J. and Bulatov, I. (2008). Integrating waste and renewable energy to reduce the carbon footprint of locally integrated energy sectors. Energy, 33(10), 1489-1497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.03.008
Popovski, E., Fleiter, T., Santos, H., Leal, V. and Fernandes, E. O. (2018). Technical and economic feasibility of sustainable heating and cooling supply options in southern European municipalities-A case study for Matosinhos, Portugal. Energy, 153, 311-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.036
Pöschl, M., Ward, S. and Owende, P. (2010). Evaluation of energy efficiency of various biogas production and utilization pathways. Appl Energ, 87, 3305-3321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.05.011
Prieto, C., Cooper, P., Inés Fernández, A. and Cabeza, L. F. (2016). Review of technology: Thermochemical energy storage for concentrated solar power plants. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 60, 909-929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.364
Qi, Z., Gao, Q., Liu, Y., Yan, Y. Y. and Spitler, J. D. (2014). Status and development of hybrid energy systems from hybrid ground source heat pump in China and other countries. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 29, 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.059
Rahman, M. M. and Velayutham, E. (2020). Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption-economic growth nexus: New evidence from South Asia. Renew Energ, 147(1), 399-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.007
Reddy, V. S., Kaushik, S. C., Ranjan, K. R. and Tyagi, S. K. (2013). State-of-the-art of solar thermal power plants—a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 27, 258-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.037
Ren, J., Musyoka, N. M., Langmi, H. W., Mathe, M. and Liao, S. (2017). Current research trends and perspectives on materials-based hydrogen storage solutions: A critical review. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 42(1), 289-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.11.195
Rezaie, B. and Rosen, M. A. (2012). District heating and cooling: Review of technology and potential enhancements. Appl Energ, 93, 2-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.04.020
Romero, E., Novoderezhkin, V. I. and van Grondelle, R. (2017). Quantum design of photosynthesis for bio-inspired solar-energy conversion. Nature, 543(7645), 355. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22012
Rosen, M. A. (2009). Energy sustainability: a pragmatic approach and illustrations. Sustainability, 1(1), 55-80. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1010055
Rosen, M. A. (2012). Energy sources: natural versus additional. Article in Jorgensen. S.E. (Ed.). Encyclopedia of Environmental Management, Vol. II, New York: Taylor & Francis (Book Chapter).
Rosen, M. A. and Koohi-Faegh, S. (2016a). The prospects for hydrogen as an energy carrier: an overview of hydrogen energy and hydrogen energy systems. Energy, Ecology and Environment, 1(1), 10-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40974-016-0005-z
Rosen, M. A. and Koohi-Fayegh, S. (2016b). Cogeneration and district energy systems: modelling, analysis and optimization. The Institution of Engineering and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1049/PBPO093E
Rosen, M. A., Dincer, I. and Kanoglu, M. (2008). Role of exergy in increasing efﬁciency and sustainability and reducing environmental impact. Energ Policy, 36, 128-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.09.006
Rusman, N. A. A. and Dahari, M. (2016). A review on the current progress of metal hydrides material for solid-state hydrogen storage applications. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 41(28), 12108-12126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.244
Saidur, R., Islam, M. R., Rahim, N. A. and Solangi, K. H. (2010). A review on global wind energy policy. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 14(7), 1744-1762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.03.007
Schenk, P. M., Thomas-Hall, S. R., Stephens, E., Marx, U. C., Mussgnug, J. H., Posten, C., Kruse, O. and Hankamer, B. (2008). Second generation biofuels: high-efficiency microalgae for biodiesel production. BioEnergy Research, 1, 20-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-008-9008-8
Schmidt, D., Kallert, A., Blesl, M., Svendsen, S., Li, H., Nord, N. and Sipilä, K. (2017). Low Temperature District Heating for Future Energy Systems. Energy Procedia, 116, 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.052
Sener, C. and Fthenakis, V. (2014). Energy policy and financing options to achieve solar energy grid penetration targets: accounting for external costs. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 32(9), 854-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.01.030
Shivarama Krishna, K. and Sathish Kumar, K. (2015). A review on hybrid renewable energy systems. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 52, 907-916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.07.187
Solangi, K. H., Islam, M. R., Saidur, R., Rahim, N. A. and Fayaz, H. (2011). A review on global solar energy policy. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15, 2149-2163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.01.007
Soltani, S., Mahmoudi, S. M. S., Yari, M. and Rosen, M. A. (2013). Thermodynamic analyses of a biomass integrated fired combined cycle. Appl Therm Eng, 59(1-2), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.05.018
Stehly, T., Beiter, P., Heimiller, D. and Scott, G. (2017). 2017 Cost of Wind Energy Review. CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL /TP-5000-52920. https://doi.org/10.2172/1475534
Stougie, L., Giustozzi, N., van der Kooi, H. and Stoppato, A. (2018). Environmental, economic and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from fossil and renewable energy sources. Int J Energy Res, 42, 2916-2926. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4037
Tegen, S., Hand, M., Maples, B. and Lantz, E. (2010). 2010 Cost of Wind Energy Review. CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Report NREL/TP-6A20-72167.
Tian, Y. and Zhao, C. Y. (2013). A review of solar collectors and thermal energy storage in solar thermal applications. Appl Energ, 104, 538-553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.11.051
Toledo, O. M., Filho, D. O. and Diniz, A. S. A. C. (2010). Distributed photovoltaic generation and energy storage systems: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 14, 506-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.08.007
Tsoutsos, T., Frantzeskaki, N. and Gekas, V. (2005). Environmental impacts from the solar energy technologies. Energ Policy, 33, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00241-6
Turner, J., Sverdrup, G., Mann, M. K., Maness, P. C., Kroposki, B., Ghirardi, M., Evans, R. J. and Blake, D. (2008). Renewable hydrogen production. Int J Energ Res, 32, 379-407. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.1372
Uduman, N., Qi, Y., Danquah, M. K., Forde, G. M. and Hoadley, A. (2010). Dewatering of microalgal cultures: a major bottleneck to algae-based fuels. J Renew Sust Energ, 2, 012701. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3294480
Unique challenges in harnessing open ocean marine hydrokinetic energy. IEEE, OCEANS 2017 – Anchorag, Anchorage, AK, 2017, pp. 1-6.
Ursua, A., Gandia, L. M. and Sanchis, P. (2012). Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: current status and future trends. In proceedings of: the IEEE, 100(2), 410-426. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2011.2156750
US Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Centre. (n.d.). Available at: https://afdc.energy.gov/ (Accessed 19 May 2020).
van der Heijde, B., Vandermeulen, A., Salenbien, R. and Helsen, L. (2019). Representative days selection for district energy system optimisation: a solar district heating system with seasonal storage. Appl Energ, 248, 79-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.030
Varbanov, P. S. and Klemeš, J. J. (2010). Total sites integrating renewables with extended heat transfer and recovery. Heat Transfer Eng, 31(9), 733-741. https://doi.org/10.1080/01457630903500858
Varun, Prakash, R. and Bhat, I. K. (2009). Energy, economics and environmental impacts of renewable energy systems. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 13, 2716-2721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2009.05.007
von Colbe, J. B., Ares, J. R., Barale, J., Baricco, M., Buckley, C., Capurso, G., et al. (2019). Application of hydrides in hydrogen storage and compression: Achievements, outlook and perspectives. Int J Hydrogen Energ, 44(15), 7780-7808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.104
Wang, C. M., Yee, A. A., Krock, H. and Tay, Z. Y. (2011). Research and developments on ocean thermal energy conversion. The IES J, Part A, 4(1), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/19373260.2011.543606
Wang, K., Yuan, B., Ji, G. and Wu, X. (2018a). A comprehensive review of geothermal energy extraction and utilization in oilfields. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 168, 465-477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.05.012
Wang, M., Jing, R., Zhang, H., Meng, C., Li, N. and Zhao, Y. (2018b). An innovative Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) based Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) system with performance simulation and multi-objective optimization. Applied Thermal Engineering, 145, 743-754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.09.075
Wang, Y., Suzuki, H., Xie, J., Tomita, O., Martin, D. J., Higashi, M., Kong, D., Abe, R. and Tang, J. (2018c). Mimicking natural photosynthesis: solar to renewable H2 fuel synthesis by z-scheme water splitting systems. Chem. Rev., 118(10), 5201-5241. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00286
Wilson, D. G. (2012). Energy supplies and future engines for land, sea, and air. J Air Waste Ma, 62(6), 607-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2012.675403
Wüstenhagen, R., Wolsink, M. and Bürer, M. J. (2007). Social acceptance of renewable energy innovation: an introduction to the concept. Energ Policy, 35(5), 2683-2691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.12.001
Xu, B., Li, P. and Chan, C. (2015). Application of phase change materials for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar thermal power plants: A review to recent developments. Appl Energ, 160, 286-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.016
Yang, H., Cui, P. and Fang, Z. (2010). Vertical-borehole ground-coupled heat pumps: A review of models and systems. Appl Energ, 87(1), 16-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.04.038
Yang, H., Wei, Z. and Chengzhi, L. (2009). Optimal design and techno-economic analysis of a hybrid solar–wind power generation system. Appl Energ, 86(2), 163-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.03.008
Yang, P., Liu, K., Chen, Q., Li, J., Duan, J., Xue, G., Xu, Z., Xie, W. and Zhou, J. (2017). Solar-driven simultaneous steam production and electricity generation from salinity. Energy Environ. Sci., 10, 1923-1927. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EE01804E
Yaqoot, M., Diwan, P. and Kandpal, T. C. (2016). Review of barriers to the dissemination of decentralized renewable energy systems. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 58, 477-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.224
Yilanci, A., Dincer, I. and Ozturk, H. K. (2009). A review on solar-hydrogen/fuel cell hybrid energy systems for stationary applications. Prog Energ Combust, 35, 231-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2008.07.004
Yip, N. Y., Brogioli, D., Hamelers, H. V. M. and Nijmeijer, K. (2016). Salinity gradients for sustainable energy: primer, progress, and prospects. Environ Sci Technol, 50(22), 12072-12094. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03448
Yoon, J. I., Seol, S. H., Son, C. H., Jung, S. H., Kim, Y. B., Lee, H. S., Kim, H. J. and Moon, J. H. (2017). Analysis of the high-efficiency EP-OTEC cycle using R152a. Renew Energ, 105, 366-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.12.019
Zabihian, F. and Fung, A. S. (2011). Review of marine renewable energies: case study of Iran. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 15, 2461-2474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.02.006
Zeng, X., Ma, Y. and Ma, L. (2007). Utilization of straw in biomass energy in China. Renew Sust Energ Rev, 11, 976-987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.10.003
Zhao, H., Wu, Q., Hu, S., Xu, H. and Rasmussen, C. N. (2015). Review of energy storage system for wind power integration support. Appl Energ, 137, 545-553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.103

How to cite this article

APA

Koohi-Fayegh, S., & Rosen, M. A. (2020). A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 4(4), em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

Vancouver

Koohi-Fayegh S, Rosen MA. A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments. EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES. 2020;4(4):em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

AMA

Koohi-Fayegh S, Rosen MA. A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments. EUR J SUSTAIN DEV RES. 2020;4(4), em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

Chicago

Koohi-Fayegh, Seama, and Marc A Rosen. "A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments". European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 2020 4 no. 4 (2020): em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

Harvard

Koohi-Fayegh, S., and Rosen, M. A. (2020). A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 4(4), em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432

MLA

Koohi-Fayegh, Seama et al. "A Review of Renewable Energy Options, Applications, Facilitating Technologies and Recent Developments". European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, vol. 4, no. 4, 2020, em0138. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8432