European Journal of Sustainable Development Research

European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 2020 - Volume 4 Issue 4, Article No: em0142
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/8568

Published Online: 07 Oct 2020

Views: 273 | Downloads: 177

Global oil reserves are facing great stress because of massive fuel consumption worldwide and the booming world population. These fossil fuels, when processed, affect the environment by releasing greenhouse gases. The outstanding usage of oil inspired many countries to develop alternative fuels. Biodiesel is the future prospect to fulfil the energy needs. It is compatible, ready to use fuel and can easily be deployed in the existing engines by combining it with conventional fuel (diesel). Biodiesel emits a lower amount of greenhouse gases. In this experiment, we first synthesized biodiesel using methanol, NaOH and vegetable oil through transestrification process. After that, we prepared a sample for 14% biodiesel which was then used to run a 4-stroke compression ignition (CI) engine that was attached to the engine testbed. After that, we re-run the same 4-stroke CI Engine with pure-diesel. From the data obtained and subsequent data-analysis, the 14% biodiesel came out to be less efficient (avg. 3% lower brake power and 8.9% lower brake thermal efficiency) and more expensive (avg. 12.8% higher fuel consumption) as compared to pure-diesel.

biodiesel sustainability engines environment energy fuel diesel power

• Abed, K. A., Gad, M. S., El Morsi, A. K., Sayed, M. M. and Elyazeed, S. A. (2019). Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 28(2), 183-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2019.03.001
• Dufey, A. (2006) Biofuels production, trade and sustainable development: emerging Issues. International Institute for Environment and Development (pp. 7-11). London, UK: IIED
• Fan, X. and Burton, R. (2009). Recent Development of Biodiesel Feedstocks and the Applications of Glycerol: A Review. Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal, 2, 100-109. https://doi.org/10.2174/1876973X00902010100
• Ge, J. C., Kim, M. S., Yoon, S. K. and Choi, N. J. (2015). Effects of Pilot Injection Timing and EGR on Combustion, Performance and Exhaust Emissions in a Common Rail Diesel Engine Fueled with a Canola Oil Biodiesel-Diesel Blend. Energies, 8(7), 7312-7325. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8077312
• Gerpen, V. J. (2005) Biodiesel Processing and Production. Fuel Processing Technology, 86(10), 1097-1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.005
• Harne, M. S., Pelagade, M. A. and Shrivastava, R. (2017). Performance Evaluation of CI Engine using Karanja Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 3(6), 302-308.
• Jaichandar, S. and Annamalai, K. (2011). The Status of Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine-an Overview. Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment, 2(2), 71-75.
• Kim, H. Y., Ge, J. C. and Choi, N. J. (2018). Application of Palm Oil Biodiesel Blends under Idle Operating Conditions in a Common-Rail Direct-Injection Diesel Engine. Applied Sciences, 8(12), 2665. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122665
• Knothe, G. (2005). Dependence of Biodiesel Fuel Properties on the Structure of Fatty Acid Alkyl Esters. Fuel Processing Technology, 86(10), 1059-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.002
• Liu, P., Shu, G., Tian, H. and Wang, X. (2018). Engine Load Effects on the Energy and Exergy Performance of a Medium Cycle/Organic Rankine Cycle for Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery. Entropy, 20(2), 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/e20020137
• Ma, F. and Hanna, M. A. (1999). Biodiesel Production: A Review. Bioresource Technology, 70(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00025-5
• Meher, L. C., Sagar, D. V. and Naik, S. N. (2006) Technical Aspects of Biodiesel Production by Transesterification—a Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 10(3), 248-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2004.09.002
• Niculescu, R., Clenci, A. and Iorga-Siman V. (2019). Review on the Use of Diesel-Biodiesel-Alcohol Blends in Compression Ignition Engines. Energies, 12(7), 1194. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071194
• PennState College of Earth and Mineral Sciences. (2020). The reaction of Biodiesel: Transesterification. Online.
• Sheehan, J., Dunahay, T., Benemann, J. and Roessler, P. (1998). A Look Back at the US Department of Energy’s Aquatic Species Program: Biodiesel from Algae; Close-Out Report. United States. https://doi.org/10.2172/15003040
• Singh, B., Guldhe, A., Rawat, I. and Bux, F. (2014). Towards a Sustainable Approach for Development of Biodiesel from Plant and Microalgae. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 29, 216-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.067
• Songstad, D., Lakshmanan, P., Chen, J., Gibbons, W., Hughes, S, and Nelson, R. (2011). Historical Perspective of Biofuels: Learning from the Past to Rediscover the Future. Biofuels (pp. 1-7). New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7145-6_1
• Stalin, N. and Prabhu, H. J. (2007). Performance Test of IC Engine Using Karanja Biodiesel Blending with Diesel. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(5), 32-34.
• Teoh, Y. H., Yu, K. H., How, H. G. and Nguyen, H.-T. (2019). Experimental Investigation of Performance, Emission and Combustion Characteristics of a Common-Rail Diesel Engine Fuelled with Bioethanol as a Fuel Additive in Coconut Oil Biodiesel Blends. Energies, 12(10), 1954. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12101954
• Yoon, S. K., Ge, J. C. and Choi, N. J. (2019). Influence of Fuel Injection Pressure on the Emissions Characteristics and Engine Performance in a CRDI Diesel Engine Fueled with Palm Biodiesel Blends. Energies, 12(20), 3837. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12203837

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.